Bibliography

Literature cited in the AGNI source code and documentation. Grouped thematically.

Primary AGNI publications

• Nicholls et al. (2025a) Magma ocean outgassing and atmosphere structure on sub-Neptunes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 536(3), 2957–2984. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2772

• Nicholls et al. (2025b) AGNI: An open-source model for extreme atmospheres on rocky exoplanets. Journal of Open Source Software, 10(107), 7726. doi:10.21105/joss.07726

• Nicholls et al. (2026) arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.02656. arxiv:2507.02656

Radiative transfer

• Edwards & Slingo (1996) Studies with a flexible new radiation code. I: Choosing a configuration for a large-scale model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 122(531), 689–719. doi:10.1002/qj.49712253107

• Amundsen et al. (2014) Accuracy tests of radiation schemes used in hot Jupiter global circulation models. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 564, A59. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323169

• Amundsen et al. (2017) Treatment of overlapping gaseous absorption with the correlated-k method in hot Jupiter and brown dwarf atmosphere models. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 598, A97. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629322

• Lacis & Oinas (1991) A description of the correlated-k distribution method for modeling nongray gaseous absorption, thermal emission, and multiple scattering in vertically inhomogeneous atmospheres. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(D5), 9027–9063. doi:10.1029/90JD01945

• Dudhia (2017) The Reference Forward Model (RFM). Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 186, 243–253. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.06.018

• Pierrehumbert (2010) Principles of Planetary Climate. Cambridge University Press.

Spectroscopic databases

• Gordon et al. (2022) The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 277, 107949. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107949

• Tennyson & Yurchenko (2018) The ExoMol Atlas of Molecular Opacities. Atoms, 6(2), 26. doi:10.3390/atoms6020026

• Rothman et al. (2010) HITEMP, the high-temperature molecular spectroscopic database. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 111(15), 2139–2150. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.05.001

• Mlawer et al. (2012) Development and recent evaluation of the MT_CKD model of continuum absorption. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 370(1968), 2520–2556. doi:10.1098/rsta.2011.0295

• Mlawer et al. (2023) The inclusion of the MT_CKD water vapor continuum model in the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 306, 108645. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2023.108645

• Karman et al. (2019) Update of the HITRAN collision-induced absorption section. Icarus, 328, 160–175. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.02.034

• Grimm et al. (2021) HELIOS-K 2.0 opacity calculator and open-source opacity database for exoplanetary atmospheres. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 253(1), 30. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abd773

Individual gas opacity data

• Polyansky et al. (2018) — H₂O ExoMol molecular line lists XXX: a complete high-accuracy line list for water. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 480(2), 2597–2608. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1877

• Yurchenko & Tennyson (2014) — CH₄ ExoMol line lists IV: The rotation–vibration spectrum of methane up to 1500 K. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 440(2), 1649–1661. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu326

• Yurchenko et al. (2017) — CH₄ hybrid A hybrid line list for CH₄ and hot methane continuum. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 605, A95. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731026

• Yurchenko et al. (2020) — CO₂ ExoMol line lists XXXIX: Ro-vibrational molecular line list for CO₂. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 496(4), 5282–5291. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1874

• Li et al. (2015) — CO Rovibrational line lists for nine isotopologues of the CO molecule in the X¹Σ⁺ ground electronic state. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 216(1), 15. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/15

• Harris et al. (2006) — HCN/HNC Improved HCN/HNC linelist, model atmospheres and synthetic spectra for WZ Cas. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 367(1), 400–406. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09960.x

• Barber et al. (2013) — HCN/HNC (ExoMol) ExoMol line lists III: An improved hot rotation-vibration line list for HCN and HNC. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 437(2), 1828–1835. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2011

• Roueff et al. (2019) — H₂ The full infrared spectrum of molecular hydrogen. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 630, A58. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936249

• Western et al. (2018) — N₂ The spectrum of N₂ from 4,500 to 15,700 cm⁻¹ revisited with PGOPHER. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 219, 127–141. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2018.07.017

• Western (2017) — PGOPHER PGOPHER: A program for simulating rotational, vibrational and electronic spectra. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 186, 221–242. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.04.010

• Barklem & Collet (2016) — Partition functions Partition functions and equilibrium constants for diatomic molecules and atoms of astrophysical interest. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 588, A96. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526961

• Shemansky (1969) — N₂ Vegard–Kaplan system N₂ Vegard–Kaplan system in absorption. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 51(2), 689–700. doi:10.1063/1.1672058

Equations of state

• Wagner & Pruß (2002) — H₂O (IAPWS-95) The IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for General and Scientific Use. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31(2), 387–535. doi:10.1063/1.1461829

• Feistel & Wagner (2006) — H₂O ice A new equation of state for H₂O Ice Ih. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 35(2), 1021–1047. doi:10.1063/1.2183324

• Haldemann et al. (2020) — AQUA H₂O EOS AQUA: A collection of H₂O equations of state for planetary models. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 643, A105. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038367

• Chabrier et al. (2019) — H/He EOS A new equation of state for dense hydrogen-helium mixtures. The Astrophysical Journal, 872(1), 51. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf99f

Convection and diffusive mixing

• Joyce & Tayar (2023) A review of the mixing length theory of convection in 1D stellar modeling. Galaxies, 11(3), 75. doi:10.3390/galaxies11030075

• Blackadar (1962) The vertical distribution of wind and turbulent exchange in a neutral atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 67(8), 3095–3102. doi:10.1029/JZ067i008p03095

• Gabriel et al. (2014) Gabriel et al. (2014). Proper use of Schwarzschild Ledoux criteria in stellar evolution computations. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 569, A63. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423442

• Salaris & Cassisi (2017) Chemical element transport in stellar evolution models: diffusion, rotation, and internal gravity waves. Royal Society Open Science, 4(8), 170192. doi:10.1098/rsos.170192

• Robinson & Marley (2014) Temperature fluctuations as a source of brown dwarf variability. The Astrophysical Journal, 785(2), 158. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/2/158

• Lee et al. (2024) Dynamically coupled kinetic chemistry in brown dwarf atmospheres II: Cloud and chemistry connections in directly imaged sub-Jupiter exoplanets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 529(3), 2686–2701. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae537

• Tsai et al. (2022) A comparative study of atmospheric chemistry with VULCAN. The Astrophysical Journal, 925(2), 256. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac29bc

Chemistry

• Kitzmann et al. (2024) FastChem COND: Equilibrium chemistry with condensation and rainout for cool planetary and stellar environments. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 527(3), 7263–7283. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3515

• Stock et al. (2022) FastChem 2: An improved computer program to determine the gas-phase chemical equilibrium composition for arbitrary element distributions. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 517(3), 4070–4080. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2623

Surface reflectance

• Hapke (2012) Theory of Reflectance and Emittance Spectroscopy (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139025683

• Hammond et al. (2024) Reliable detections of atmospheres on rocky exoplanets with photometric JWST phase curves. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.04386. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2409.04386

Sensible heat transport

• Högström (1988) Non-dimensional wind and temperature profiles in the atmospheric surface layer: A re-evaluation. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 42(1–2), 55–78. doi:10.1007/BF00119875

Stellar irradiation

• Guillot (2010) On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 520, A27. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913396 arXiv:1006.4702

• Cronin (2014) On the choice of average solar zenith angle. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 71(8), 2994–3003. doi:10.1175/JAS-D-13-0392.1

Thermodynamic data

• Chase (1986) JANAF Thermochemical Tables (3rd ed.). American Chemical Society and American Institute of Physics.

• Coker (2007) Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants (4th ed.). Gulf Professional Publishing. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-7766-0.X5000-3

Related and cited works

• Marley & Robinson (2015) On the cool side: Modeling the atmospheres of brown dwarfs and giant planets. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 53(1), 279–323. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122522

• Selsis et al. (2023) A cool runaway greenhouse without surface magma ocean. Nature, 620(7973), 287–291. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06258-3

• Goldblatt et al. (2013) Low simulated radiation limit for runaway greenhouse climates. Nature Geoscience, 6(8), 661–667. doi:10.1038/ngeo1892

• Hamano et al. (2015) Lifetime and spectral evolution of a magma ocean with a steam atmosphere: its detectability by future direct imaging. The Astrophysical Journal, 806(2), 216. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/216

• Kopparapu et al. (2013) Habitable zones around main-sequence stars: New estimates. The Astrophysical Journal, 765(2), 131. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131

• Lincowski et al. (2018) Evolved climates and observational discriminants for the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system. The Astrophysical Journal, 867(1), 76. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aae36a

• Derras-Chouk et al. (2025) Derras-Chouk et al. (2025). arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.16750. arxiv:2508.16750

• Bezanson et al. (2017) Julia: A fresh approach to numerical computing. SIAM Review, 59(1), 65–98. doi:10.1137/141000671